Surgical Techniques for Pediatric Oncology

Surgical Techniques for Pediatric Oncology PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Surgical Techniques in Pediatric Oncology: Enhancing Precision and Outcomes
Surgery is a cornerstone of pediatric oncology, providing essential care for children diagnosed with solid tumors, bone cancers, and other malignancies. This presentation, "Surgical Techniques in Pediatric Oncology," delves into advanced surgical approaches tailored to the unique anatomical and developmental needs of children.
Key topics include tumor resection techniques for cancers like Wilms’ tumor, neuroblastoma, and osteosarcoma, emphasizing the importance of complete tumor removal while preserving organ function. Limb-sparing surgeries have revolutionized bone cancer treatment, allowing for reconstruction and prosthetic use, ensuring better quality of life for young patients. Additionally, minimally invasive surgeries, including laparoscopic and robotic-assisted approaches, reduce recovery time, minimize scarring, and enhance surgical precision.
The presentation also highlights ethical considerations and psychosocial support for both patients and families, focusing on collaborative decision-making and long-term outcomes. Through case studies and practical examples, healthcare professionals gain insights into the latest advancements and challenges in pediatric surgical oncology.
By combining surgical precision with compassionate care, pediatric surgical oncology continues to improve survival rates and the quality of life for children facing cancer.
Let this presentation guide you in understanding how tailored surgical techniques ensure better outcomes for pediatric patients.

Tags : Pediatric oncology, cancer surgery, limb-sparing techniques, tumor resection, minimally invasive surgery, child cancer care, pediatric surgical oncology

Published on : Dec 03, 2024 | Views : 21 | Downloads : 0

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Surgical Techniques for Pediatric Oncology Advancing Surgical Precision and Outcomes for Children with Cancer Dr. Vineeta Bose Oncologist & Hematologist
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Importance of Surgery in Pediatric Oncology Surgery plays a central role in diagnosing, staging, and treating pediatric cancers. Challenges in pediatric oncology: Small size and anatomy of children. Minimizing long-term side effects. Multidisciplinary collaboration ensures better outcomes. Speaker Notes: Pediatric surgical oncology demands a unique approach due to differences in anatomy, physiology, and emotional needs compared to adults. This presentation explores techniques tailored for children. Reference: Murphy, A. J., & La Quaglia, M. P. (2013). Surgical treatment of childhood cancer. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 63(4), 205-235.
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Pediatric-Specific Considerations Smaller Anatomy: Requires precision and tailored instruments. Preservation of Function: Focus on limb-sparing and organ preservation. Psychosocial Support: Addressing anxiety in both the child and parents. Long-Term Effects: Avoiding growth and developmental complications. Speaker Notes: Unlike adult oncology, pediatric oncology places significant emphasis on minimizing the long-term impact of surgery on growth and quality of life. Reference: Grosfeld, J. L. (2006). Current concepts in the management of pediatric solid tumors. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 41(1), 18-29.
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Common Pediatric Cancers Treated Surgically Solid Tumors: Wilms' Tumor (kidney cancer). Neuroblastoma (nerve tissue cancer). Rhabdomyosarcoma (soft tissue sarcoma). Hepatoblastoma (liver cancer). Bone and Joint Cancers: Osteosarcoma. Ewing Sarcoma. CNS Tumors (surgically accessible brain and spinal tumors). Speaker Notes: The surgical approach differs significantly for each tumor type depending on location, stage, and involvement with surrounding structures. Reference: Arndt, C. A. S., & Crist, W. M. (1999). Common musculoskeletal tumors in children and adolescents. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(5), 342-352.
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Diagnostic and Staging Surgery Biopsies: Open biopsy. Needle biopsy. Minimally invasive laparoscopic or thoracoscopic biopsies. Surgical Staging: Assessing tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis. Example: Wilms' Tumor staging during nephrectomy. Speaker Notes: Staging surgeries provide crucial data that guides treatment planning and ensures appropriate interventions. Reference: Ehrlich, P. F., & Shamberger, R. C. (2017). Pediatric Surgical Oncology. Springer.
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Techniques for Tumor Resection En Bloc Resection: Removing the tumor with a margin of healthy tissue. Limb-Sparing Surgery: Used in bone sarcomas to avoid amputation. Reconstruction with prosthetics or bone grafts. Organ-Specific Surgery: Nephrectomy for Wilms' Tumor. Hepatectomy for hepatoblastoma. Use of robotic and minimally invasive approaches for precision. Speaker Notes: Tumor resection in children prioritizes complete removal while preserving as much function and structure as possible. Reference: Marina, N., et al. (2004). Principles of limb-sparing surgery in pediatric sarcoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 22(10), 1778-1784.
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Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) Use of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic techniques for: Tumor biopsies. Tumor resections in accessible locations. Staging and evaluation of metastatic spread. Benefits: Smaller incisions, reduced pain, faster recovery, and minimal scarring. Speaker Notes: MIS is increasingly popular in pediatric oncology due to its benefits, but its use is limited to cases where complete tumor excision is feasible. Reference: Bax, K. N. M. A., et al. (2004). Minimally invasive surgery in pediatric oncology. Cancer, 100(6), 1257-1263.
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Limb-Sparing and Reconstructive Surgery Avoiding amputation by resecting tumors and reconstructing the limb. Use of expandable prosthetics in growing children. Rehabilitation and physical therapy post-surgery. Speaker Notes: Advances in limb-sparing surgery have transformed the prognosis and quality of life for children with bone sarcomas. Reference: Anderson, M. E. (2011). Update on survival in osteosarcoma. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 42(3), 327-338.
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Advanced Techniques: Robotic-Assisted Surgery Improved precision in delicate surgeries (e.g., prostate rhabdomyosarcoma). Better visualization and reduced trauma to surrounding tissues. Limitations: High cost, steep learning curve, and limited availability. Speaker Notes: Robotic surgery is especially useful in pediatric cases due to the small anatomical size and the need for precision. Reference: Meehan, J. J., & Sandler, A. (2008). Robotic-assisted surgery in pediatric oncology. Surgical Endoscopy, 22(8), 1904-1909.
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Challenges and Ethical Considerations Balancing complete tumor removal with functional preservation. Ethical considerations in high-risk surgeries. Communicating surgical risks with parents and caregivers. Speaker Notes: Decision-making in pediatric oncology requires careful consideration of both medical and psychosocial factors. Reference: Bluebond-Langner, M., et al. (2007). Ethical issues in pediatric oncology. The Lancet Oncology, 8(4), 330-337.
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Case Study Example Patient: 4-year-old with Wilms' Tumor. Procedure: Nephrectomy with lymph node dissection. Outcome: Complete tumor resection with no metastasis. Follow-up: Chemotherapy to reduce recurrence risk. Speaker Notes: Case studies like this highlight how effective surgical techniques, combined with multidisciplinary care, improve survival rates. Reference: Kaste, S. C., et al. (2008). Wilms tumor imaging and surgery. Pediatric Radiology, 38(1), 18-25.
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Conclusion - Advancing Surgical Care for Pediatric Oncology Surgery is a cornerstone of pediatric cancer treatment. Advances in minimally invasive and limb-sparing techniques have improved outcomes. Multidisciplinary care and tailored approaches are key to success.
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Thank You