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Seizure Classification PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Seizure: transient involuntary alteration of consciousness, behavior, motor activity, sensation and/or autonomic function due to abnormal discharge of cortical neurons; (an episodic event, may have provoking factors, e.g. anoxia, alcohol, drugs)

Tags : seizure classification,seizure,what is seizure,behavior,motor activity,abnormal,cortical neurons,anoxia, alcohol, drugs

Published on : Jul 06, 2024 | Views : 446 | Downloads : 0

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Dr. Waleed abo Elsaoud Pediatric Consultant Seizure Classification
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TERMINOLOGY Seizure: transient involuntary alteration of consciousness, behavior, motor activity, sensation and/or autonomic function due to abnormal discharge of cortical neurons; (an episodic event, may have provoking factors, e.g. anoxia, alcohol, drugs) Convulsion: seizure with prominent alteration of motor activity Epilepsy: a disorder with recurrent seizures(2 or more), unprovoked or by a specific event such as fever, trauma, infection, or chemical change, stereotypic
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Aura: a component of seizure which occurs before consciousness is lost and for which memory is retained afterwards; it localizes attack to the point of origin in the CNS Automatisms: coordinated adapted involuntary motor activity occurring during the state of clouding of consciousness; usually followed by amnesia of the event
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Status Epilepticus:- continuous seizure activity or recurrent seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes or a series of seizures without a return to baseline level of alertness between the seizures.
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CLASSIFICATION OF SEIZURE In 2017, the ILAE (the International League Against Epilepsy) released a new classification of seizure types, largely based upon the existing classification formulated in 1981. Primary differences include specific listing of certain new focal seizure types, use of awareness as a surrogate for consciousness, emphasis on classifying focal seizures by the first clinical manifestation (except for altered awareness), a few new generalized seizure types, ability to classify some seizures when onset is unknown, and renaming of certain terms to improve clarity of meaning.
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ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types
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INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF SEIZURES 1981 Partial Seizures (start in one place) Simple (no loss of consciousness of memory) Sensory Motor Sensory-Motor Psychic (abnormal thoughts or perceptions) Autonomic (heat, nausea, flushing, etc.) Complex (consciousness or memory impaired) With or without aura (warning) With or without automatisms Secondarily generalized Generalized Seizures (apparent start over wide areas of brain) Absence (petit mal) Tonic-clonic (grand mal) Atonic (drop seizures) Myoclonic Other Unclassifiable seizures
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Wording Changes
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Key Seizure Signs and Symptoms?
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Focal Motor Seizures
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Focal Non-motor Seizures
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Generalized Motor Seizure Atonic Seizures (Drop Attacks): A seizure of this type involves a sudden decrease in muscle tone, causing a person’s body to go limp, slump or collapse, possibly causing injury. Myoclonic Seizures: characterized by a sudden body “jolts” or increases in muscle tone as if the person had been jolted with electricity. A myoclonic seizure is similar to the single or multiple sudden jerks people sometimes experience as they are falling asleep. “Sleep myoclonic” jerks are benign whereas myoclonic seizures can be harmful, since the “jolts” occur in bouts.
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Generalized Motor Seizure Infantile spasms: is a subtype type of myoclonic epilepsy that typically begins between the ages of 3 and 12 months of age and may persist for several years. Infantile spasms typically consist of a sudden jerk followed by stiffening. Often the child’s arms fling outward as the knees pull up and the body bends forward (salam jerk) . Each spasm lasts only a second or two but they usually occur close together in a series.
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Generalized Motor Seizure Tonic seizure: the person’s muscles stiffen, and they lose consciousness. The eyes roll back in their head, and muscles of the chest, arms and legs stiffen, causing the back to arch. Clonic seizures cause a person’s muscles to spasm and jerk. Muscles in the elbows, legs and neck flex and then relax in rapid succession.
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Generalized Motor Seizure Tonic-clonic seizures : tonic and clonic movements happen at the same time. A seizure typically lasts a few minutes or less, after which the person is likely to remain unconscious for a few minutes more, (post-ictal period), People regaining consciousness after a seizure are likely to be confused or frightened and very tired.
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Generalized Non-motor Seizures
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