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Phenobarbital PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Medication Powerpoint

Tags : Epilepsy

Published on : Sep 22, 2020 | Views : 1903 | Downloads : 3

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Slide 1-

Minute Med: Module 1 Phenobarbital
Slide 2-

Classification and Indications Classifications Therapeutic: Anticonvulsants, sedative/hypnotic Pharmacologic: Barbiturates Indications Anticonvulsant for tonic-clonic, partial and febrile sezuires Preop sedative Short term hypnotic Off Label: Prevent and treat hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Slide 3-

Action Raises the seizure threshold Inhibit transmission in the nervous system Produces all levels of CNS depression Sensory cortex Motor activity Cerebellar function Speeds up metabolism in the liver Off label action Induces enzymes in liver that metabolizes drugs, bilirubin and other componds.
Slide 4-

Routes and Time Profile IV Starts working in 5 minutes Peak 30 minutes after dose Last 4 to 6 hours Injection IM, SubQ Starts working in 1 to 30 minutes Last up 4 to 6 hours PO Starts working in 3 to 60 minutes Last up to 6 hours
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Contraindications/Precautions Contraindications Pre-existing CNS depression Severe respiratory disease Uncontrolled pain Alcohol intolerance Lactation Precautions Renal impairment Liver dysfunction Hx of suicide/drug abuse Pregnancy
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Adverse Reactions/ Side Effects Drowsiness Headache Dizziness Depression Stomach Pain Vomiting Nightmares Constipation Muscle Pain Joint Pain Nerve Pain Seizures Nose Bleed Laryngospasm Broncospasm Severe Skin Rash Hypotension Physical Dependence Repiratory Depression Psychological Dependence Angioedema
Slide 7-

Interactions Drug-Drug Acetaminophen Anticoagulants CNS depressants MAOI Tri-cyclic Antidepressants Cold and Allergy Medication Steroids Hormonal Contraceptives Drug-Natural Kava-Kava Valerian Chamomile Hops St. Johns Wart
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Potential Nursing Diagnosis Risk for fall/Injury Acute Confusion Disturbed Sensory Perception Deficient Knowledge Disturbed Thought Process Noncompliance Disturbed Sleep Patterns
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Nursing Implications Assess vital signs, especially blood pressure and rate and depth of respirations, mental status, LOC and s/s of angioedema frequently Have equipment for resuscitation, suction and artificial ventilation at bedside. Assess for serum toxicity and monitor serum phenobarbital levels. Therapeutic is 10-40 mcg/ml Monitor Hepatic and Renal functions Initiate Seizure Precautions: Pad side rails Place bed up against the wall Place pad on floor next to bed Initiate Fall Precautions: Supervise ambulation Side rails up x2 Call bell and personal items within reach Bed locked and lowest position.
Slide 10-

Nursing Implications Teach patient to take medications as directed. Take missed dose as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for the next dose. Teach patient that it can take 2 to 3 weeks for full anti-convulsant effects to take place Advise patient to not discontinue medication abruptly. Abrupt withdrawal can cause seizures and status epilepticus. Advise patient to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants while taking this medication. Teach sleep hygiene techniques such as dark room, quiet, bedtime ritual, limit daytime napping, avoid caffeine and nicotine. Advise female patients to use barrier contraception with their hormonal contraception during therapy and through their next menstrual period.