Download Free Medical Ophthalmology and the Primary Care Physician PowerPoint Presentation

Ophthalmology and the Primary Care Physician PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : This medical presentation titled "Ophthalmology and the Primary Care Physician" deals with topics related to eycare including eyelids, red eye, and trauma.

Tags : Anatomy of the Eye, Ectropion, Blepharitis, inflammation, eyelid, Chalazion, chronic granulomatous inflammation, obstruction of a Meibomian gland, Hordeolum, staphylococcal infection, Meibomian, Zeis glands, Xanthelasma, Dacryocystitis, Red Eye, Conjunctivitis, Bacterial Conjunctivitis, Bacterial Conjunctivitis, Viral Conjunctivitis, Herpes Keratitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis, Vernal Conjunctivitis, Uveitis, Benign, Pigmented Nevus, Tumors, Melanoma, Pterygium, Trauma, Hyphema

Published on : Apr 25, 2021 | Views : 1672 | Downloads : 9

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Ophthalmology and the Primary Care Physician Arthur Korotkin, M.D. Internal Medicine Residency Program Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas
Slide 2-

ppt slide no 2 content not found
Slide 3-

Compound Eye
Slide 4-

Compound Eye
Slide 5-

Topics Eyelids Red Eye Trauma
Slide 6-

Anatomy of the Eye
Slide 7-

Ectropion Congenital Senile Paralytic Cicatricial
Slide 8-

Blepharitis
Slide 9-

Blepharitis Refers to any inflammation of the eyelid In general refers to a “mixed” blepharitis With flakes and oily secretions on lid edges Caused by a combination of factors Hypersensitivity to staphylococcal infection of the lids Glandular hypersecretion Treat with warm, moist towel compresses and dilute baby shampoo scrub
Slide 10-

Chalazion
Slide 11-

Chalazion Focal, chronic granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid caused by obstruction of a Meibomian gland Treat by excision using chalazion clamp May recur
Slide 12-

Hordeolum
Slide 13-

Hordeolum
Slide 14-

Hordeolum Painful, acute, staphylococcal infection of the Meibomian or Zeis glands Has central core of pus External and internal Treat with antibiotic ointment and dry heat
Slide 15-

What is this?
Slide 16-

Xanthelasma
Slide 17-

Xanthelasma Lipoprotein deposits in the eyelids Often an indicator of underlying lipid disorder Cosmetic significance May be removed, but recur
Slide 18-

What is this?
Slide 19-

What is the name of this?
Slide 20-

Dacryocystitis Inflammation of the lacrimal sac Usually caused by obstruction of nasolacrimal duct with subsequent infection Unilateral Treat with pus drainage (stab incision), local and systemic antibiotics Definitive treatment: fistula of lacrimal sac and nasal cavity (dacryocystorhinostomy)
Slide 21-

Dacryoadenitis
Slide 22-

Dacryoadenitis
Slide 23-

Dacryoadenitis Acute painful swelling, ptosis of lid, edema of the conjunctiva due to lacrimal gland inflammation Often infectious: pneumococci, staphylococci, occasionally streptococci Chronic form: longer DDx Treat acutely with moist heat and local antibiotics.
Slide 24-

Red Eye
Slide 25-

Conjunctivitis Inflammation of the eye surface Vascular dilation, cellular infiltration, and exudation Acute vs. Chronic
Slide 26-

Conjunctivitis Infectious Bacterial Viral Parasitic Mycotic Noninfectious Persistent irritation (dry eye, refractive error) Allergic Toxic (irritants: smoke, dust) Secondary (Stevens-Johnson)
Slide 27-

Historical Clues Itching Unilateral vs. Bilateral Pain, photophobia, blurred vision Recent URI Prescription, OTC medications, contact lenses Discharge
Slide 28-

Discharge in Conjunctivitis
Slide 29-

Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Slide 30-

What’s wrong with this picture?
Slide 31-

Bacterial Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis, American Family Physician, 2/15/1998; http://aafp.org/afp/980215ap/morrow.html
Slide 32-

Bacterial Conjunctivitis Dx based on clinical picture History of burning, irritation, tearing Usually unilateral Hyperemia Purulent discharge Mild eyelid edema Eyelids sticking on awakening Cultures unnecessary unless very rapid progression
Slide 33-

Bacterial Conjunctivitis Treatment: Self limited Treatment decreases morbidity and duration Treatment decreases risk of local or distal consequences Topical antibiotic ointment / solution
Slide 34-

Bacterial Conjunctivitis Erythromycin Bacitracin-polymyxin B ointment (Polysporin) Aminoglycosides: gentamicin (Garamycin), tobramycin (Tobrex) and neomycin Tetracycline and chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) Fluroquinolones available for eyes!
Slide 35-

Viral Conjunctivitis AKA epidemic keratoconjunctivitis AKA “pinkeye” Most frequent VERY contagious – direct contact Adenovirus 18 or 19 Acute red eye, watery, mucoid discharge, lacrimation, tender preauricular LN Occasional itching, photophobia, foreign-body sensation History of antecedent URI
Slide 36-

Herpes Keratitis Herpes simplex Herpes zoster Corneal Dendrite Do not use steroid drops! Aggressive treatment with antivirals, may need debridement Refer to ophthalmologist
Slide 37-

Herpes Keratitis
Slide 38-

Herpes Keratitis
Slide 39-

Allergic Conjunctivitis
Slide 40-

Vernal Conjunctivitis
Slide 41-

Allergic Conjunctivitis Seasonal, itching, associated nasal symptoms. Treat with cool compresses. systemic antihistamines, local antihistamines or mast cell stabilizers, local NSAIDs. If severe, brief course of topical steroid drops.
Slide 42-

Conjunctivits vs. Uveitis
Slide 43-

Benign – Pigmented Nevus
Slide 44-

Tumors - Melanoma
Slide 45-

Benign - Pterygium
Slide 46-

Tumors - SCC
Slide 47-

Trauma Trauma accounts for 5% of the blind registrations annually 65% under 30 year old age group Males to females 6:1 95% caused by carelessness Routine eye protection Lions Eye Institute Ophthalmology Tutorials; http://www.lei.org.au/~leiiweb/teaching/undergrad/Ocular_trauma/ocular_trauma0.htm
Slide 48-

Trauma Motor vehicle accidents Sport - 22% of ocular trauma hospital admissions Industrial - 44% of ocular trauma hospital admissions Assault Domestic injuries and child abuse Self inflicted - Often mentally disturbed people War
Slide 49-

Trauma Superficial including chemical Blunt (contusion) injury Perforating may include intraocular foreign body
Slide 50-

Trauma – First Aid Hold open eyelids Irrigate with water Carefully remove coarse particles Topical anesthesia – not for taking home! Evert eyelids and inspect under slit lamp Give systemic pain meds if needed
Slide 51-

Trauma - Pearls Take history, document pre-injury status Always consider the possibility of ocular penetration or the presence of a foreign body If penetrating trauma is suspected avoid direct pressure on the globe If an intraocular foreign body is suspected radiologic studies may be necessary
Slide 52-

Trauma – Blunt Always consider the possibility of injury to the globe, the eyelids and the orbit Damage can occur from: The site of impact (coup injury) Shock wave traversing the eye and causing damage on the other side (contra coup)
Slide 53-

Trauma – Blunt Check ocular motility intraocular pressure vision
Slide 54-

Trauma - Foreign Body
Slide 55-

Trauma – Foreign Body
Slide 56-

What is wrong?
Slide 57-

Foreign Body - Penetration
Slide 58-

Foreign Body – Iris Prolapse
Slide 59-

Foreign Body Evert upper lid Must be extracted Rust rings in cornea Retinal damage from free radicals
Slide 60-

Trauma - Hyphema
Slide 61-

Trauma - Hyphema
Slide 62-

Trauma – Hyphema Set patient upright to allow settling Will resolve by itself May cause corneal staining Check for increased intraocular pressure
Slide 63-

Bibliography Ophthalmology: A Pocket Textbook and Atlas, Gerhard K. Lang, 2000. Online Atlas of Ophthalmology, http://www.atlasophthalmology.com Lions Eye Institute of Ophthalmology, http://www.lei.org.au/~leiiweb/teaching/undergrad/Ocular_trauma/ocular_trauma0.htm Handbook of Ocular Disease Management, http://www.revoptom.com/handbook/SECT31a.HTM Conjunctivitis, American Family Physician, 2/15/1998; http://aafp.org/afp/980215ap/morrow.html
Slide 64-

ppt slide no 64 content not found