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Medications and Drug Interactions PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Medications and Drug Interactions".

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about medications and drug interactions. Medications can have interactions with other medications, food, and supplements. It is important to know about these interactions because they can affect how well the medication works or cause side effects.

Drug interactions occur when two or more medications react with each other in a way that affects how the medication works in the body. This can cause the medication to become more or less effective, or it can cause side effects. Drug interactions can also occur when a medication reacts with food or supplements.

Tags : Medications, Drug Interactions, pharmaceuticals, pharmaceuticals PowerPoint presentations

Published on : Jun 23, 2023 | Views : 469 | Downloads : 9

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Medications and Drug Interactions
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Supporting Clients with Disclosure Objectives At the end of this unit, participants will be able to: Understand drug-drug, drug-condition, drug-food, and drug-alcohol interactions Explain polypharmacy and related issues Discuss how the body process drugs Discuss drugs that may interact with HIV drugs Discuss how to avoid drug interactions Use online resources to check for drug interactions Medication and Drug Interactions
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What is a Drug Interaction? A reaction between two (or more) drugs, a food or beverage, or a medical condition. There are 3 types of drug interactions: Drug-drug interaction – a reaction between two (or more) drugs Drug-food interaction – a reaction between a drug and a food or beverage Drug-condition interaction – a reaction that occurs when taking a drug while having an existing medical condition Medication and Drug Interactions Photo: https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/fact-sheets/21/95/what-is-a-drug-interaction-
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Drug-Drug and Drug-Condition Interactions Drug-Drug Interactions Occur when one medication affects the level of another medication. For example: the herbal medicine St. John’s Wort may decrease the levels of some HIV medicines. As a result, the HIV medicine may not work as well and the virus could multiply. Drug-Condition Interactions Occur when a health condition you have makes a medicine potentially harmful. For example: certain medicines that treat high blood pressure can make asthma worse. Medication and Drug Interactions
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Drug-Food and Drug-Alcohol Interactions Drug-Food/Beverage Interactions Occur when a food or beverage affects how a medicine gets into the blood. A medicine can also change how the body uses a food/beverage. For example: certain drugs that treat osteoporosis (thinning of the bones) are not properly absorbed unless they are taken on an empty stomach. On the other hand, some drugs need to be taken with food so they break down more slowly or to reduce their side effects. It’s important to follow food instructions carefully. Drug-Alcohol Interactions Occur when alcohol affects the level of a medicine or increases its side effects. For example, people who take certain antidepressants should avoid alcohol because they can make side effects worse. Medication and Drug Interactions
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What is Polypharmacy? Polypharmacy is when people take several medications. The practice of administering many different medicines, especially concurrently for the treatment of a single disease; also The concurrent use of multiple medications by people to treat usually coexisting conditions, which may result in adverse drug interactions. Medication and Drug Interactions
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Issues Related to Polypharmacy Healthcare providers are concerned about Polypharmacy because more medications can mean: More side effects A higher likelihood of different medications interacting with each other (drug interactions) Medication and Drug Interactions
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HIV Medicines Can Cause Drug Interactions Treatment for HIV requires a combination of HIV medications to be taken to keep HIV under control; this combination can be a single-tablet-regimen (STR) or multiple pills. Drug-drug interactions between HIV medications, and between HIV medications and other medications are common; drug interaction can complicate HIV treatment. Prescription drug dosages need to be high enough to fight a specific disease but not so high that it causes a lot of side effects. Possible results of drug interactions include: Medicine levels go down, so the medicine may not work as well. Medicine levels go up, which may lead to worse or new side effects. Individuals should discuss drug interactions with providers when choosing new HIV drug combinations, adding, or removing any drug from a regimen. Medication and Drug Interactions
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How Does the Body Process Drugs? The main ways the human body handles drugs are: Step 1. Drug absorption Step 2. Drug distribution Step 3. Drug metabolism Step 4: Drug elimination Anderson, P.L. (2005). The ABC’s of Pharmacokinetics: What’s PK got to do with it? Positively Aware. Medication and Drug Interactions
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How the Body Metabolizes Drugs This process involves the liver and kidneys: Liver makes chemicals called enzymes to break drugs down Kidneys filter drugs out of bloodstream and into urine Drug is removed from the body in urine or feces Sometimes, one drug affects the way another drug is metabolized Speeds up or slows down action of liver enzymes Can cause changes in blood levels of other drugs that are broken down by the same enzyme Medication and Drug Interactions
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Drugs That May Interact with HIV Drugs Prescription, over-the-counter and complementary therapies may have major interactions with HIV drugs: Birth control pills with ethinyl estradiol (form of estrogen) can interact with HIV meds, making birth control pills less effective, increasing chance of pregnancy Complementary therapies Most vitamins and herbs have not been studied with HIV drugs St. John's Wort (herbal anti-depressant) and garlic supplements should NOT be taken with any PIs or NNRTIs Medication and Drug Interactions
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Other Drugs That May Interact with HIV Drugs Classes of drugs that are more likely to interact with HIV drugs (not a complete list): Antifungal drugs Antibiotics Antacids Drugs that prevent seizures Drugs to treat high cholesterol Drugs to treat depression Antihistamines (allergy medications) Drugs to control heart rhythm Opium-based pain killers (narcotics) Drugs that increase bowel activity Sedatives (medications to calm your nerves) Blood thinners Drugs to treat erectile dysfunction Drugs to treat tuberculosis Drugs to treat hepatitis C Medication and Drug Interactions
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Substances That May Interact with HIV Drugs Recreational drugs and alcohol Reports of overdoses caused by taking recreational drugs and HIV drugs Interactions between ecstasy or amphetamines (crystal meth, speed) and PIs are particularly dangerous Alcohol affects body processes, can cause drug interactions Combining alcohol and some HIV drugs (e.g., Videx) can increase risk for developing pancreatitis Methadone and buprenorphine Can interact with many HIV drugs Medication and Drug Interactions
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Things You Can Do to Avoid Drug Interactions: Keeping a current list of all your medications and taking it to every healthcare visit. Include all prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, herbs, and supplements. It’s important for health care providers and patients to review medications together. Use the same pharmacy for all your prescription medications. The pharmacist can have access to all medications you are taking and can check for possible drug interactions. Asking questions when you receive a new medicine. Should I take the new medication in the morning/evening or at bedtime? Should I take the new medication with food or on an empty stomach? Does this medication have any interactions with alcohol, food, or other drugs that I should know about? Ask if you need all the medications you are taking? Ask if there are ways to simplify your treatment regimen? Providers may need to adjust doses or change drugs based on possible interactions. Other tips: Know which medications you take and what they do. Take each of your medications as directed by your healthcare provider. Refill prescriptions on time so you never run out of medication. Medication and Drug Interactions
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Which kind of drug interaction concerns you the most? Medication and Drug Interactions
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Examples of Online Interaction Practice The HIV Drug Interaction Checker by the University of Liverpool is an online resource that allows you to check drug-drug interactions between an HIV drug and any other prescription or over-the-counter medication. There is also a mobile app, the HIV iChart (Note: for the app you’ll need to use the generic, or scientific name, not the brand name). https://www.hiv-druginteractions.org/checker MedScape’s Drug Interaction Checker is another resource. https://reference.medscape.com/drug-interactionchecker Medication and Drug Interactions
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QUIZ
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A drug interaction is: A reaction between 2 or more drugs When one drug affects the level of another drug A chemical reaction that keeps HIV medications from working The 3 types of drug interactions are: Drug to _______ interaction Drug to _______ interaction Drug to _______ interaction 3. Polypharmacy is taking several different medications. (True or False) 4. Possible results of drug interactions are when (choose up or down) Medicine levels go _______, so the medicine may not work as well. Medicine levels go _______, which may lead to worse or new side effects. Medication and Drug Interactions
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5. Which classes of HIV medications cause many drug side effects Protease inhibitors and nukes Protease inhibitors and non-nukes 6. Drugs like antacids, complementary therapies, antidepressants and Viagra could likely cause drug interactions. (True or False) 7. What are some things to do to avoid drug interactions? List Medication and Drug Interactions
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References Positively Aware. 2019 HIV Drug Guide. https://www.positivelyaware.com/issues/march-april-2019-2019-hiv-drug-guide Anderson, P.L. (2005). The ABC’s of Pharmacokinetics: What’s PK got to do with it? Positively Aware. Positively Aware - http://www.thebody.com/content/80958/uderstanding-drug-interactions.html The Well Project - http://www.thebody.com/content/58994/drug-interactions-and-hivaids.html AIDSinfo - http://www.thebody.com/content/79250/what-is-a-drug-interaction.html Medication and Drug Interactions