Download Free Medical Foot and Ankle Anatomy and Injuries PowerPoint Presentation

Foot and Ankle Anatomy and Injuries PowerPoint Presentation

DOWNLOAD MEDICAL POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

About This Presentation

Description : Check out this medical PowerPoint presentation titled "Foot and Ankle, Anatomy and Injuries”.

This medical PowerPoint presentation is about foot and ankle injuries. The foot and ankle are complex structures that contain numerous bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments. The foot consists of 26 bones, including the heel bone (calcaneus), the ankle bone (talus), and five metatarsal bones, while the ankle joint is formed by the meeting of the tibia and fibula bones with the talus.

Some common injuries that can occur in the foot and ankle include:

Sprains: These occur when the ligaments that hold the bones together are stretched or torn, typically from a sudden twisting motion. Ankle sprains are one of the most common types of sprains.
Fractures: A fracture refers to a broken bone. Fractures in the foot and ankle can occur from a variety of causes, such as a fall, a direct blow, or overuse.
Tendinitis: This is an inflammation of the tendons, which are the tough bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones. Tendinitis in the foot and ankle can be caused by overuse or injury.
Plantar fasciitis: This is a condition in which the plantar fascia, a band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, becomes inflamed. It is often caused by overuse, such as running or standing for long periods of time.
Achilles tendinitis: This is an inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. It is often caused by overuse, such as running or jumping.

Treatment for foot and ankle injuries will depend on the specific injury and its severity, but may include rest, ice, compression, elevation, and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the damage.

Tags : foot and ankle injuries, heel bone, calcaneus, ankle bone, talus, metatarsal bones, Sprains, Fractures, Tendinitis, Plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis, Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery PowerPoint presentation

Published on : Jun 23, 2023 | Views : 695 | Downloads : 1

Shareable Url :

Embed Code :

Comment

Transcript

Slide 1-

Unit 5:Understanding Athletic-Related Injuries to the Lower Extremity Foot and Ankle, Anatomy and Injuries Sports Medicine
Slide 2-

The Foot and Ankle
Slide 3-

The Foot (Bones) Bones = 26 14 phalanges 5 metatarsals 7 tarsals
Slide 4-

Toes (Phalanges) Designed to give wider base for balance and propelling the body forward. 1st toe (Hallux) Two sesamoid bones located under the 1st MP joint.
Slide 5-

Metatarsals 5 Bones 1st metatarsal is the largest and strongest and functions as the main body support during walking and running. Palpable at the ball of the foot. 5th metatarsal most common fractured.
Slide 6-

Tarsals 7 bones Aids in the support of the body. Calcaneous = largest tarsal bone, supports talus and shapes heel, and provides attachment for achilles tendon.
Slide 7-

Joints of the Foot Interphalangeal joint (IP) Flexion / Extension Metarsalphalangeal joint (MP) Flexion / Extension Abduction / Adduction
Slide 8-

Bones of the Ankle Tibia Main weight bearing bone of LOWER LEG Forms medial malleolus Fibula Non-weight bearing Mainly muscle and ligament attachment Forms lateral malleolus Talus Main weight bearing bone of the ANKLE
Slide 9-

Lateral Ligaments of the Ankle Resist ankle inversion Anterior talofibular (ATF) Most commonly sprained Calcaneofibular (CF) Posterior talofibular (PTF)
Slide 10-

Medial Ankle Ligaments Deltoid Resists ankle eversion Low rate of injury
Slide 11-

ppt slide no 11 content not found
Slide 12-

Quiz Which bone in the lower leg is the most weight bearing? What does ATF stand for? Which ligaments resist inversion? Which ligaments resist eversion? What does MP stand for? How many tarsal bones are there? How many bones are in the foot?
Slide 13-

Answers: Tibia Anterior Talofibular Anterior Talofibular, tibiofibular, calcaneofibular (lateral) Deltoid ligaments (medial) Metatarsalphalangeal 7 26
Slide 14-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle Anterior Muscles (3) Extensor Hallucis Longus/Brevis extension of great toe Extensor Digitorum Longus/Brevis extension of 2 – 5 phalanges
Slide 15-

ppt slide no 15 content not found
Slide 16-

ppt slide no 16 content not found
Slide 17-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle Anterior Muscles cont. (3) Tibialis anterior inversion and dorsiflexion of foot / ankle
Slide 18-

ppt slide no 18 content not found
Slide 19-

ppt slide no 19 content not found
Slide 20-

Anterior Muscles
Slide 21-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle Medial Muscles (3) Tibialis Posterior Inversion and plantarflexion Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor of great toe and plantarflexion of ankle Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexors of 2 – 5 toes and plantarflexion of ankle
Slide 22-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle
Slide 23-

ppt slide no 23 content not found
Slide 24-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle Posterior Muscles (2) Gastrocnemius plantarflexion of ankle Soleus plantarflexion of ankle
Slide 25-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle
Slide 26-

ppt slide no 26 content not found
Slide 27-

Muscles of the Foot and Ankle Lateral Muscles (2) Peroneus Longus / Brevis eversion, plantar flexion of ankle
Slide 28-

ppt slide no 28 content not found
Slide 29-

ppt slide no 29 content not found
Slide 30-

Quiz What is the primary function of the Extensor Hallucus Longus and Brevis? What is the primary function of the tibialis anterior? What two motions does the peroneus longus and brevis perform? What motion does the Gastrocnemius/ Soleus perform? What are the two main motions of the tibialis posterior muscle?
Slide 31-

Answers Extension of great toe Inversion and dorsiflexion of foot Eversion and plantar flexion of the ankle Plantarflexion of ankle Inversion and plantarflexion
Slide 32-

Arches of the Foot
Slide 33-

Supinated Arches (High Arches)
Slide 34-

Supinated Arches
Slide 35-

Pronated Arches (Flat Feet)
Slide 36-

Pronated Arches
Slide 37-

Pronated Arches
Slide 38-

Pronated Arches
Slide 39-

Orthotics
Slide 40-

Orthotics
Slide 41-

Orthotics
Slide 42-

Foot and Ankle Injuries
Slide 43-

Ankle Sprain Cause: Excessive inversion or eversion of the ankle S/S: Point tenderness, swelling, discoloration, laxity, inability to walk or run properly (extent based on degree). TX: RICE, rehabilitation immediately (Grade III requires immobilization) Prevention: Strengthening exercises, proper shoes/ equipment
Slide 44-

1st Degree Ankle Sprain Mechanism (MX) Inversion and/or plantarflexion ATF most common sprained Occurs during contact or non – contact. Lateral Ankle Sprain
Slide 45-

S/S 1st degree Mild pain Pt – ATF Possible swelling Fast recovery to FWB and ROM No joint laxity Lateral Ankle Sprain
Slide 46-

2nd Degree Ankle Sprain MX Same as 1st degree, more severe. Involves the ATF, CF Possible growth plate involvement Most cases x-ray needed Lateral Ankle Sprain
Slide 47-

ppt slide no 47 content not found
Slide 48-

S/S 2nd degree Felt a pop Localized severe pain Pt – more then one ligament Rapid swelling Decrease ROM Laxity in joint Unable to FWB Lateral Ankle Sprain
Slide 49-

3rd Degree Ankle Sprain Rupture of ligaments (ATF, CF, PTF) Consider a FX X-ray is mandatory Lateral Ankle Sprain
Slide 50-

S/S 3rd Degree Felt or heard pop Extreme pain Extreme/rapid swelling No ROM Unable to FWB Lateral Ankle Sprain
Slide 51-

Lateral Ankle Sprain Treatment
Slide 52-

ppt slide no 52 content not found
Slide 53-

Anterior Drawer Test Tests for ligament instability Mainly tests ATF integrity but can also test the CF and PTF depending on severity Ankle must be relaxed Ankle in slight plantar flexion Ankle Special Tests
Slide 54-

Talar Tilt Test for lateral ankle instability Positive test indicates tear in ATF, and CF Ankle Special Tests
Slide 55-

Thompson Test Test for achilles tendon rupture Ankle Special Tests
Slide 56-

Ankle Dislocation Mx: Anterior – Heel strikes ground forcefully Posterior – blow to anterior lower leg S/S: PN deformity, inability to move foot, rapid swelling, refusal to allow moving or touching foot TX: Splint, ICE, 911 or transport to hospital
Slide 57-

ppt slide no 57 content not found
Slide 58-

Sprain of the 1st MP joint Mx: Hyperextension/ hyperflexion of great toe Common on artificial surface Flexible types of footwear can contribute S/S Pain over the first MP joint Turf Toe
Slide 59-

ppt slide no 59 content not found
Slide 60-

Achilles Tendonitis MX: Repetitive motions such as running and jumping that cause tendon breakdown S/S: Swelling, crepitus, pn with palpation, pn with dorsiflexion, weak with plantarflexion TX: RICE Limiting or restricting the activity that caused the irritation Aggressive stretching of heel cord Crepitus (crackling and grinding) may mean it is too late Prevention: Achilles and gastroc/solues stretching, proper acclimization to activity.
Slide 61-

ppt slide no 61 content not found
Slide 62-

Achilles Tendon Rupture MX: Sudden, forceful plantar flexion of the ankle with a chronically tight tendon. S/S: Feel or hear a pop. Feel as if they’ve been kicked in the leg. Inability to plantar flex foot. TX: Surgery or a cast Prevention: Stretching and proper care of any tendonitis
Slide 63-

ppt slide no 63 content not found
Slide 64-

Mx – Downward force to the foot causing depression of the arch Most common with overuse (running) S/S Sharp pain with weight bearing Painful during dorsiflexion Longitudinal Arch Strain
Slide 65-

“Shin Splints”: catch all term related to lower leg pain. MX: constant pounding associated with running S/S: sharp pain in lower leg around medial/lateral aspect of lower leg and connective tissue between tibia and fibula TX: RICE (cold whirlpool), heal lift, arch support, shoes, change running surface Lower Leg Problems
Slide 66-

ppt slide no 66 content not found
Slide 67-

Compartment Syndrome MX: Increased pressure within one of four compartments of lower leg causes compression of the structures in the leg. S/S: Deep aching pain, tightness, and swelling. Pain with stretching. TX: Acute~ immediate surgery Chronic~ activity modification & ice and some times surgery Prevention: Stretching (Hard to prevent)
Slide 68-

ppt slide no 68 content not found
Slide 69-

ppt slide no 69 content not found
Slide 70-

ppt slide no 70 content not found
Slide 71-

ppt slide no 71 content not found
Slide 72-

Toe Abnormalities Hammer Toes MX: Poor shoe choices Middle joint (PIP) flexed, other joints (MP, DIP) hyperextended TX: Refer, orthotics or surgery
Slide 73-

Bunion / Hallux Valgus MX: Bony enlargement of the head of the 1st metatarsal caused from wearing improperly fitting shoes S/S: Obvious deformity, tenderness, and swelling TX: Proper shoe selection, protection devices, surgery may be necessary Prevention: Properly fitting shoes
Slide 74-

ppt slide no 74 content not found
Slide 75-

ppt slide no 75 content not found
Slide 76-

Ingrown Toenail MX: Improper shoe fitting and nail cutting S/S: Increased pain, swelling, redness around the nail bed TX: Hot, soapy water, antibiotics, raise nail up Prevention: Proper shoes, proper nail trimming
Slide 77-

ppt slide no 77 content not found