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Description : This presentation titled "Biomechanics of the Jump Shot" by Kelvin Wang, is about fadeaway jump shot.

Tags : alternative healing, Frederick Matthias Alexander, complementary therapy, preventative, Alexander Technique, Biomechanics, Jump Shot, fadeaway

Published on : Apr 15, 2021 | Views : 1554 | Downloads : 3

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Slide 1-

Biomechanics of the Jump Shot Kelvin Wang BIOL438
Slide 2-

Technique—3 Phases Preparation—balance, center of mass over support Execution—jump and shoot, release Follow Through—landing, balance, center of mass over support Preparation Execution Follow Through Source: The Seattle Times Preparation—balance, center of mass over support Execution—jump and shoot, release Follow Through—landing, balance, center of mass over support
Slide 3-

Technique—Muscles Used Hip extension—hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus), gluteus maximus Fast-twitch  higher vmax, higher power, more efficient at higher velocity Knee flexion/extension—quadriceps muscle eccentrically contracts in preparation, during jump it concentrically contracts Slower-twitch  lower vmax, more economical, recruit more motor units Gastrocnemius (fast-twitch) plays role Source: www.oxford174.com
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Technique—Muscles Used Shoulder upward rotation—middle and lower trapezius muscles, rhomboids, deltoids Elbow flexion/extension—eccentric contraction of triceps, then concentric to generate force Fast-twitch fibers for greater power Wrist extension/flexion—add spin, velocity to ball Fast-twitch fibers Source: www.endoszkop.com Source: www.rci.rutgers.edu
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3 Shots Source: www.lakernation.com Source: wikiHow Source: ESPN
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LoggerPro Analysis
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Normal Jump Shot—Momentum Before release, triceps extension (assume zero initial momentum): a = ∆v/∆t = 51.39 m/s2 (from LoggerPro) F = ma = (0.62 kg)(51.39 m/s2) = 31.86 N ∆t = 0.096 s, so: J = F∆t = 3.06 kg-m/s At release: vx,ball = 4.40 m/s vy,ball = 5.68 m/s Total velocity = 7.18 m/s Assume mball = 0.62 kg, then: p = mv = (0.62 kg)(7.18 m/s) = 4.45 kg-m/s Thus, the triceps extension motion for shooting the ball imparts 3.06 kg-m/s impulse to the ball from preparation phase to release. Wrist flick motion gives ball extra velocity and could account for the difference in impulsemomentum.
Slide 8-

Normal Jump Shot—Work and Energy Kinetic energy = 0.5mv2 At release: KE = 0.5(0.62 kg)(7.18 m/s) 2 = 15.99 J Work = ∆Energy = 15.99 J (assume E0 = 0) From the start of triceps extension to release: Power = Work/∆t = 15.99 J/0.096 s = 166.6 W
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Pull-up Jump Shot—Momentum Before release, triceps extension (assume zero initial momentum): a = ∆v/∆t = 139.9 m/s2 (from LoggerPro) F = ma = (0.62 kg)(139.9 m/s2) = 86.74 N ∆t = 0.04 s, so: J = F∆t = 3.47 kg-m/s At release: vx,ball = 4.70 m/s vy,ball = 6.24 m/s Total velocity = 7.81 m/s Assume mball = 0.62 kg, then: p = mv = (0.62 kg)(7.81 m/s) = 4.84 kg-m/s Thus, the triceps extension motion for shooting the ball is quicker, and imparts 3.47 kg-m/s impulse to the ball from preparation phase to release. Wrist flick motion gives ball extra velocity.
Slide 10-

Pull-up Jump Shot—Work and Energy Kinetic energy = 0.5mv2 At release: KE = 0.5(0.62 kg)(7.81 m/s) 2 = 18.91 J Work = ∆Energy = 18.91 J (assume E0 = 0) From the start of triceps extension to release: Power = Work/∆t = 18.91 J/0.04 s = 472.75 W
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Fadeaway Jump Shot—Momentum Before release, triceps extension (assume zero initial momentum): a = ∆v/∆t = 83.2 m/s2 (from LoggerPro) F = ma = (0.62 kg)(83.2 m/s2) = 51.58 N ∆t = 0.08 s, so: J = F∆t = 4.13 kg-m/s At release: vx,ball = 3.88 m/s vy,ball = 7.02 m/s Total velocity = 8.02 m/s Assume mball = 0.62 kg, then: p = mv = (0.62 kg)(8.02 m/s) = 4.97 kg-m/s Thus, the impulse from triceps extension is similar to a normal jump shot, and imparts 4.13 kg-m/s impulse (more than normal or pull-up) to the ball from preparation phase to release.
Slide 12-

Fadeaway Jump Shot—Work and Energy Kinetic energy = 0.5mv2 At release: KE = 0.5(0.62 kg)(8.02 m/s) 2 = 19.94 J Work = ∆Energy = 19.94 J (assume E0 = 0) From the start of triceps extension to release: Power = Work/∆t = 19.94 J/0.08 s = 249.25 W
Slide 13-

Fadeaway jump shot gives more impulse to shot from triceps extension Higher proportion of momentum is from triceps, less from wrist flick
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Pull-up jump shot results in more force in shooting the ball Running start could have effect
Slide 15-

Normal jump-shot results in least kinetic energy to the ball Pull-up: running start helps transfer momentumhigher velocity at releasehigher kinetic energy Fadeaway: adjusting for defendershoot ball faster vertically
Slide 16-

Pull-up jump shot results in most power greater energy (increase W) and shorter release time (decrease ∆t)
Slide 17-

Conclusions Fadeaway jump shot: more triceps used, faster twitch muscles to generate greater impulse Efficient and economical, but difficult to execute Pull-up jump shot: greater force and greater power on shot, due to running start However, relies on running startsudden stop and jump. Slower twitch muscles in leg are less economical at higher contraction speedsfatigue Normal jump shot: least energy, force, and power produced, but not as tiring
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References Alexander, M. (1990). The application of biomechanics to basketball skills. CAHPER Journal, 56(3), 4-10. Haefner, J. (2008). Proper Basketball Shooting Technique, Fundamentals, and Form. Retrieved from http://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/fundamentals/shooting-technique.html Okazaki, V. H. A., & Rodacki, A. L. F. (2012). Increased distance of shooting on basketball jump shot. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11, 231-237 Valente, R. (2010). Movement Phase. Jump Shot. Retrieved from http://valentejumpshot.blogspot.com/20 10/10/movement-phase.html Quist, J., VanNostrand, Z., Burns, B. (2012). Science of the 3-Point Shot. Biomechanics of a 3-Point Shot. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/biomechanicszjb/science-of-the-3