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Asthma PowerPoint Presentation

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Description : Asthma

Tags : ashtma,immunity,Asthma disease

Published on : Aug 13, 2022 | Views : 1229 | Downloads : 10

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Slide 1-

Asthma Pathophysiology / anticholinergic drugs / patient education
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Asthma - Pathophysiology Airflow obstruction affecting the airways Does not affect the alveoli Is intermittent Is reversible Is NOT curable It can be fatal if not taken care of! But asthma can managed!
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Pathophysiology of asthma Asthma causes repeated episodes of: wheezing Dyspnea Using accessory muscles coughing
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happens two ways Inflammation obstructing the lumen (the inside) Constriction of bronchial smooth muscle causing narrowing of airway (from the outside)
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Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) Therapeutic Class : Bronchodilator Pharmacologic Class : Anticholinergic Route : Inhalation Metered dose inhaler Inhalation solution for nebulizer Nasal spray
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Ipratropium (Atrovent) Order for pts. with asthma to use for prevention of flare-ups Pharmacokinetics: Onset: 5-15 min Peak : 1.5 – 2 hours Duration : 3-6 hours When acetylcholine is released from the cholinergic fibers, ipratropium prevents it from attaching to muscarinic receptors on membranes of smooth-muscle cells. This relaxes the smooth muscle and causes bronchodilation.
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Contraindications In patients hypersensitive to soya lecithin or related food products like soybean or peanuts, because soya lecithin is used as a propellant in the inhaler. Hypersensitivity to atropine, ipratropium, bromide or their components
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Side effects Very little is absorbed by the lungs so ipratropium bromide produces very few systemic adverse effects. Irritation of upper respiratory tract which may result in hoarseness, dry cough, drying of nasal mucosa Leaves a bitter taste in mouth until you rinse your mouth out. May cause epistaxis Can cause over drying of the nasal mucosa
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What happens with asthma Asthma causes repeated episodes of: wheezing breathlessness chest tightness coughing
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Patient teaching NOT for use during an acute asthma attack. You might feel relief within 1 day, but full effect may take up to 2 weeks. Shake inhaler well before use. Keep spray out of eyes it might blur your vision. Rinse mouth after each use.
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Patient teaching Track number of doses by keeping records. Report any decreased response to ipratropium. Report difficulty urinating. Report any eye pain or vision changes. Report nasal dryness or nose bleeds. Report any palpitations.
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Patient Teaching To use the inhaler: Hold the inhaler with the clear end pointing up. Place the metal canister inside the clear end of the inhaler. Firmly push canister in place. Remove the protective dust cap from the end, if the dust cap was not on the mouthpiece, check the mouthpiece for dirt or other objects. If using the inhaler for the first time or if you have not used the inhaler in 3 days, prime it by pressing down on the canister to release two sprays into the air, away from your face. Be careful not to spray medication into your eyes while you are priming the inhaler. Breathe out as completely as possible through your mouth. Hold the inhaler between your thumb and your fingers with the mouthpiece on the bottom. Place the open end of the mouthpiece into your mouth. Close your lips tightly around the mouthpiece. Breathe in slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece. At the same time, press down firmly on the canister. Hold your breath for 10 seconds. Then remove the inhaler, and breathe out slowly. If you were told to use two puffs, wait at least 15 seconds and then repeat.
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Patient teaching To inhale the solution using a nebulizer: Twist off the top of one vial of ipratropium solution and squeeze all of the liquid into the nebulizer reservoir. Connect the nebulizer reservoir to the mouthpiece. Connect the nebulizer to the compressor. Place the mouthpiece in your mouth and sit in an upright, comfortable position and turn on the compressor. Breathe in calmly, deeply, and evenly for about 5 to 15 minutes until mist stops forming in the nebulizer chamber. Clean your inhaler or nebulizer regularly.
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